What Is a Controlled Experiment

A controlled experiment is one in which everything is held constant except for one variable. Usually, a set of data is taken to be a control group, which is commonly the normal or usual state, and one or more other groups are examined where all conditions are identical to the control group and to each other except for one variable. Sometimes its necessary to change more than one variable, but all of the other experimental conditions will be controlled so that only the variables being examined change. And what is measured is the variables amount or the way in which they change. Controlled Experiment A controlled experiment is simply an experiment in which all factors are held constant except for one: the independent variable.A common type of controlled experiment compares a control group against an experimental group. All variables are identical between the two groups except for the factor being tested.The advantage of a controlled experiment is that it is easier to eliminate uncertainty about the significance of the results. Example of a Controlled Experiment Lets say you want to know if the type of soil affects how long it takes a seed to germinate, and you decide to set up a controlled experiment to answer the question. You might take five identical pots, fill each with a different type of soil, plant identical bean seeds in each pot, place the pots in a sunny window, water them equally, and measure how long it takes for the seeds in each pot to sprout. This is a controlled experiment because your goal is to keep every variable constant except the type of soil you use. You control these features. Why Controlled Experiments Are Important The big advantage of a controlled experiment is that you can eliminate much of the uncertainty about your results. If you couldnt control each variable, you might end up with a confusing outcome. For example, if you planted different types of seeds in each of the pots, trying to determine if soil type affected germination, you might find some types of seeds germinate faster than others. You wouldnt be able to say, with any degree of certainty, that the rate of germination was due to the type of soil. It might as well have been due to the type of seeds. Or, if you had placed some pots in a sunny window and some in the shade or watered some pots more than others, you could get mixed results. The value of a controlled experiment is that it yields a high degree of confidence in the outcome. You know which variable caused or did not cause a change. Are All Experiments Controlled? No, they are not. Its still possible to obtain useful data from uncontrolled experiments, but its harder to draw conclusions based on the data. An example of an area where controlled experiments are difficult is human testing. Say you want to know if a new diet pill helps with weight loss. You can collect a sample of people, give each of them the pill, and measure their weight. You can try to control as many variables as possible, such as how much exercise they get or how many calories they eat. However, you will have several uncontrolled variables, which may include age, gender, genetic predisposition toward a high or low metabolism, how overweight they were before starting the test, whether they inadvertently eat something that interacts with the drug, etc. Scientists try to record as much data as possible when conducting uncontrolled experiments, so they can see additional factors that may be affecting their results. Although it is harder to draw conclusions from uncontrolled experiments, new patterns often emerge that would not have been observable in a controlled experiment. For example, you may notice the diet drug seems to work for female subjects, but not for male subjects, and this may lead to further experimentation and a possible breakthrough. If you had only been able to perform a controlled experiment, perhaps on male clones alone, you would have missed this connection. Sources Box, George E. P., et al.  Statistics for Experimenters: Design, Innovation, and Discovery. Wiley-Interscience, a John Wiley Soncs, Inc., Publication, 2005.  Creswell, John W.  Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall, 2008.Pronzato, L. Optimal experimental design and some related control problems. Automatica. 2008.Robbins, H. Some Aspects of the Sequential Design of Experiments. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. 1952.

The Issue Of Gun Control - 1384 Words

Coming from where I was raised my whole life, as an young African American my two eyes have witnessed many altercations involving a gun. In this country we have homeless people that’s struggling in poverty. They can t find work, increasing inflation rates, an unstable budget, and more importantly, a problem with guns. Like everyone else living in rough environments, I am cautious about being the victim of a random shooting, but at the same time, I want to be able to protect my family at all costs no matter the situation. Guns affect each and every one of us on a day-to-day base. A gun put fear in ones heart or they make us feel safe and protected at all times. The point that I must try my best to get across is this: guns are a huge problem within our society, but using gun control to diminish them isn t necessarily the best resolution. When I say gun control I am speaking upon the laws that prevent firearms from being on the street by preventing their purchase. I agree that so me form of gun control is well needed by far; but what we really need to focus on is gun licensing and more gun safety. I believe in my constitutional right to keep in bear arms, and I don t feel that legislators should be allowed to take away that right. Gun control can be a good thing, but if it leads to gun prohibition I will take on the whole world to prove a point. Our country was founded on the basis of guns. Throughout history wars was won with guns and guns protected our people.Show MoreRelatedGun Issue And Gun Control1401 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity, Gun Politics has been a course I have aspired to take. While many enroll in such a course looking for an escape from the â€Å"collegiate liberal echo chamber† or as an outlet for their conservative agendas, I saw the class as an â€Å"entrance to the dark side.† My views on guns prior to the class were, I would call, polarized yet uninformed. In most of my discussions, I would cite the Australian 1996 National Firearms Agreement as precedent for how American politicians should approach the gun issueRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pagessomebody who wants to inflict harm on other people to get his or her hands on a gun.† (Simple Minded Gun Control). Gun control is a controversial issue worldwide. The reason why this has attracted so much atte ntion is because not everyone is in favor of gun control and each side brings up excellent points about the issue. Research related to this issue strongly supports the claim that there SHOULD be more gun control laws. Three arguments that prove this position are (1) Incidents like Sandy HookRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1489 Words   |  6 Pagessplit on the issue of gun control. We have seen many violent shootings and innocent people dying because of gun violence. Some Americans believe we need strict gun laws to protect our children and ourselves from these horrific tragedies. Other Americans believes it is our rights as Americans to posses’ guns and we are entitled to that right in our constitution. There are also some Americans that are stuck in the middle and can see both sides but recent events have definitely caused this issue to be inRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1031 Words   |  5 Pagesintegrate them in a way that will trigger a new viewpoint on the subject . Gun control is something that should be enforced across the world in order to save lives. In the United States there is a ratio of 88.8 guns per one hundred persons (GunPolicy.org). Those numbers award us with the highest total per capita number in the world. With that amount of firepower there needs to be an efficient way to regulate who exactly can purchase a gun. Since 1791 when the second amendment was ratified there have beenRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1705 Words   |  7 Pagesaway without preface or reason. All someone needs to do is pull the trigger. In today’s world, guns are far too accessible to the people of society. We hear in the news, stories of mass shootings, homicides, and suicides; most of which are caused by the activation of a gun. A hot-button issue, gun control is one of the most debated topics in American politics. Should we, or should we not, be able to own guns? Although it infringes on the Second Amendment that provides the right to bear arm s, this amendmentRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control951 Words   |  4 PagesGun control has been a big topic for the past decade in the united states. These debates will rise and fall time in and time out after something horrific happens in the state. Anti-Gun supporters do not realize that it is extremely difficult to regulate something in the states that is a big portion of our economy.Would stricter gun laws change anything? So far statistically It has been proven otherwise one must consider how a citizen would defend themselves when they are faced with terror. How willRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control929 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control Getting arrested yesterday was not the highlight of my week. I was hungry; so I went to Wal-Mart get some charcoal, lighter fluid, and steak. I put the charcoal in the grill and the lighter fluid on the coals. I got a little lighter fluid on my arm, but I didn’t pay it much attention. I lit the match and threw it on the coals. I looked down and my sleeve was on fire. I was waving my arm in the air, trying to put it out. Then here they come the police pulled in and tackled me to theRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1552 Words   |  7 PagesThe issue of gun is always controversial. Firearm can be used as defending or an assaulting weapon. In United States, firearm increase the rate of homicide, suicide and gun violence, which can harm and murder people. Moreover, taking away people’s gun will not work effectively because the murder and criminal will find another ways to get guns. Also, the black market will appear for the people who cannot get guns from regulated market s. In addition, if regulated guns are banned, murderers may useRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1678 Words   |  7 PagesJanuary 2014 The 2nd Amendment Over the past few years, the issue of gun control has been widely discussed. You surely have heard the phrase, â€Å"Guns don’t kill people, people kill people† uttered and i wholeheartedly support this statement. It is important to treat guns responsibly so they do not end up in the wrong hands. I believe gun control violates our inalienable rights. Another piece of our liberty will surely be taken away if guns are banned, and socialism and totalitarianism will be rightRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1208 Words   |  5 PagesWill Christopherson Traverson English 2 1 March 2017 Gun Control The United States has 88.8 guns per 100 people, or about 270,000,000 guns, which is the highest total and per capita number across the globe. The current public gun control debate in the United States seems to be placed on standby until it is sparked up by a major mass shooting. There were at least 126 mass shootings between January 2000 and July 2014.(pro). Opponents of more gun laws accuse supporters of using a horrific event to further

Personhood Chart - Click Here to Get Instant Solution

Question: Draw Personhood Chart. Answer: Christianity Materialism Personal View Relational United States is having majority of Christianity followers. It helps people to know about gods plans and purpose regarding their life. Materialism followers are people who think god is not controlling their life Bourassa Laing (2014). Rules and regulation re very important for living a proper life. Multidimensional Christianity followers should be aware of all cultural aspects Wilkinson (2009). They should also know about the spirit, tradition of their religion. Materialism followers spend their life as per their own beliefs, thoughts, views and others. Cultural and religion aspects play important role in individuals life. Sexual Regarding sexual life Christianity is having different rules and regulation, which is to be followed by every Christianity follower. Materialism followers do not follow any predefined rules by any religion. They perform sexual activities as per their own beliefs, views. Every religion defines rules and regulation for sexual activities, which should be followed by everyone. Moral Christianity moral explains their ethics, theories, philosophies and beliefs. Every Christianity follower has to live their life as per these only. Materialism moral are different for every individual. Every materialism follower has their own beliefs and thoughts for life. Ethics and code of conduct are very important for living happy and prosperous life. Mortal Mortal in Christianity explains their mortal sins. It helps people to know what wrong acts according to Christianity are. It explains people list of wrong and correct acts. Every individual should avoid wrong acts in their life. Destined for Eternal Life Eternal life is life after death. Christianity explains if people performs wrong act they will be sent to hell. If they perform good acts in their life, they will go to heaven and meet god. They believe after death eternal life depends on peoples own activities. After death life depends on individuals act and decided by God References Bourassa, L., Laing, R. (2014) Materialism. [Iowa City]: PhotoStatic. Wilkinson, P. (2009). Christianity. New York: DK Pub.

Persuassive Speech Example free essay sample

Think to yourself while I purpose a scenario, you come home from work one day to find your wife, children, and even the dog dead. Caution tape surrounding your house, police officers everywhere, corner vans, but no one telling you what the heck is going on. The man who had shot your family is sitting hand cuffed in the back of a police car, would you want justice to be served? II. All but 17 of the 50 states practice the death penalty as of today. According to Wise Geeks, the death penalty is â€Å"the act of putting a person to death, after judgment by a legal system, either as an act of retribution, or to ensure they cannot commit future crimes. † (Web). There are many pros and cons that face the death penalty in the eyes of human’s. I would like persuade you why we should use the death penalty as a form of punishment. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuassive Speech Example or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Please listen with an open mind as I provide information about the death penalty to you. First I would like to inform you of the cost of the death penalty vs. how much it cost to houses an inmate. Secondly, that it in fact is not inhumane. Lastly, the series of events leading to the execution of the inmate. I choose to speak about the death penalty because I am a strong believer in it. My research included interviews, online sources, and documentaries about the death penalty. Transition: Let me get started by talking about the cost of both the death penalty and housing inmates. Body I. As housing can be very expensive, I spoke with a retired police officer from L. A. P. D is actually my grandfather, he explained to me that housing an inmate on death row in today’s economy cost roughly $60,000 a year equating to a little over $1 billion during their sentence. The inmate must be provided shelter, food, health care, and security. My grandpa also explained to me that many inmates sit on death row for long periods of time they actually die before execution occurs. Many inmates will kill themselves, be killed by other inmate, or have medical problems that cause them to die naturally. However, according to methods of execution it only cost $86. 08 to administer the lethal injection. The justice system could save on average $59,914 per inmate per year by administering the injection. Transition: This leads me to my second point, is the lethal injection inhumane? II. Many of us see that two wrongs don’t make a right, but take you back to scenario I proposed in the beginning of my speech. After my interview with Anonymous, he believes the death penalty is not inhumane because they do not feel the injection and even if they were able to feel it, the person they killed could feel the dismantling pain of dying too. I also interviewed my uncle from LA County. He too believes it is humane to administer the lethal injection. He stated that it is a two drug mixture; the first is a sedative and secondly a massive amount of potassium which will put a person in full cardiac arrest. He mentioned to me that if in fact California administered the lethal injection more often we would not only save money, but more people would be scared to commit a crime because they would see there would actually be a consequence. He believes a lot of people commit these crimes because they get away with it, they get an isolated cell with privacy and the inmate knows it’s highly unlikely that they will ever face the lethal injection. However, I spoke with Layla Guest who is against the death penalty because she believes they have a loving family too. She said to me â€Å"they may have had a bad experience but that doesn’t make them a bad person forever. † Transition: That brings me to my last point; I would like to inform you of the series of events in which the inmate is executed. III. I believe this is important to share with you because it backs up my point about being humane. Even though this inmate has committed a serious crime, they too get to have a good last day. According to a documentary I watched, filmed and edited by Scott Langley on the day of the execution the inmate is allowed in and out of the cell, and the right to watch TV. The inmate is allowed visitors for a certain amount of hours, and also allowed last request phone calls from family. The execution team will then come and pick the inmate up around 1:00 am where he/she is asked to remove all their clothes expect exposing portion and then taken into the prep room. In the prep room the inmate is placed on IV’s and heart monitors. The executor comes in and records any last statement. After he leaves the Chaplin comes into the room where they stay until it is time to be taken into the â€Å"chamber. † The chamber is a room with viewing windows for the witnesses. The inmate and the witness never see the executors because they stay behind the curtain. There are three executors during the process. Also, the viewing team never knows which personal came in with the drugs nor who will administer it for privacy purposes. Around 2:00 am the inmate is given a sedative to completely knock them unconscious followed by the lethal drug. Between 2:15-2:20 am the inmate is pronounced dead and taken by a confidential van to the hospital to be issued a death certificated as a homicide. Conclusion Transition: Again, I will ask you to listen with an open mind as I conclude my speech is persuading you to believe in the death penalty as a form of punishment. I. Here are a few things to remember when you think about the death penalty. The cost of housing an inmate versus the cost of execution.

The Great Pyramid Essay Example For Students

The Great Pyramid Essay The great pyramid was built during the reign of Khufu, 2nd kingof the fourth dynasty (2,720-2,560 BC). It stands on the Gizaplateau nearby Cairo and is the biggest pyramid in the world. Itmeasures 230 m (756 ft) on each side of its base and originallymeasured 147 m (482 ft) high. Beginning in the 10th century ADthe entire Giza complex served as a source of building materialsfor the construction of Cairo; as a result, all three pyramidswere stripped of their original smooth outer facing of limestone. The core masonry consists of large blocks of local limestonetaken from the nearby quarries and built around and over a rockyknoll. The size of the knoll cannot be determined, since it iscompletely covered by the pyramid. The entrance to the pyramid isin the center of the northern face. It is located in thethirteenth course of masonry from the base. This entrance has apointed roof formed of massive slabs of local limestone and opensinto a long steeply descending passage. From there a 36 meterslong ascending passage leads to a 35 meters long horizontalpassage that leads to the so called Queens chamber. Thischamber measures 5.2 by 5.7 meters and the maximum height of itspointed roof is about 15 meters. The north and south walls eachhave a small hole a few centimeters square about 1 meter from thefloor. These lead into narrow channels that originally opened onthe exterior of the pyramid. At the juncture of the ascendingand horizontal passage is an opening of a shaft which descends toa de pth of 60 meters. It opens into the lower part of thedescending passage, close to the unfinished, underground chamber,and is believed to have been an escape shaft for the workmen whofiled the ascending passage with huge stones after the kingsfuneral. We will write a custom essay on The Great Pyramid specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now From the horizontal passage the Grand Gallery, which leads tothe kings chamber, starts. It is 47 meters long and 8.5 metershigh, and has a corbelled roof. In the center of the floor is asunken ramp about 60 centimeters deep. The Grand Gallery ends ina horizontal granite passage which serves as an antechamber. Itmeasures 8.4 meters long and 3.1 meters high, and has slots forthree portcullises. Beyond the antechamber is the so-calledKings Chamber which is lined, roofed and paved with redgranite. It measures 5.2 by 10.8 meters and is 5.8 meters high. Its flat roof is formed of nine monolithic slabs of granite. Thenorthern and southern walls each have an air channel, one ofwhich is open to the outside. The Pyramid can be seen to haveabout two hundred level courses of squared stones. The layersall have a different thickness ranging between approximately 50and 145 centimeters. The average block size is about 1 cubicmeter. On the Khufu pyramid, all the casing elements were removed inthe 14th century. The few casing stones which do remain in theGreat Pyramid all lie in the 1.5 meter thick bottom course andcannot be representative of the stones which would have been usedin the higher parts of the construction. The only examples offace work such as this which remain are those on the pyramids atMeidum, Dashur andGiza.

IFRS vs GAAP †Equity Accounts Essays

IFRS vs GAAP – Equity Accounts Essays IFRS vs GAAP – Equity Accounts Essay IFRS vs GAAP – Equity Accounts Essay In discoursing Equity Accounting criterions of GAAP and IFRS we specifically look at Stockholders’ equity in respect to corporations. Of class there are many differences in linguistic communication ; nevertheless. we will reexamine some major differences in accounting criterions with regard to Equity histories. There is a glowering difference in the two methods with respects to Distributions to Owners. Under US GAAP. ignoring dividends paid on unallocated portions ( Employee Stock Ownership Plans ) . revenue enhancement benefits can be received. It follows that the revenue enhancement disbursal is reduced and no allotment is made in shareholders equity. The IFRS impose regulations where entities must cut down equity histories for the sum of any distribution. cyberspace of revenue enhancement benefits. To lucubrate. a company under GAAP pays 1 million dollars into pensions and 200 1000 would be the nonexempt sum. It would cut down the stock holder’s equity by 1 million ; the 200 1000 would recognition the revenue enhancement disbursal. A company under IFRS would describe 800 thousand as a debit to the equity history. with no revenue enhancement liability. A broader subject is the issue of equity instruments which includes stock. Minor differences related to stock are discernible in linguistics. or history rubrics. GAAP histories are labelled Common Stock and IFRS histories are labeled Share Capital. One important difference in accounting methods occurs in the presentation of increasing equity. specifically in respect to publishing stock. An IFRS entity may describe Par value and nominal value individually in its equity history. There are some other differences in the accounting patterns of IFRS and GAAP to do note of in respect to equity histories. One difference is the recording of alterations in equity. The IFRS implements a fiscal statement for this specific known as the. Statement of alterations in Equity. The statement shows more than merely alterations. First. the statement reports net incomes or loss ; what follows are incomes or disbursal titled other comprehensive income. Last. the statement shows alterations in accounting policies and the fiscal effects incurred as a consequence. It’s used for conformity with IFRS accounting policies. estimations and mistake regulations. US GAAP does non necessitate a separate fiscal statement and can enter alterations merely in the notes of fiscal statements.

Litterature review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Litterature review - Essay Example The study focused mainly on NHS acute hospitals, in the study the authors use semi structured interviews and focus groups as their research instruments. The study is very qualitative, the findings from the study show that education to nurses provides an increase in palliative care, that is through offering training and education to nurses, there is a rise in the levels of palliative care foe the patients in need. It shows that the education enables the non-palliative nurses administer the right dosages to the patients in need of the care Grant, Wiencek, Viran, Uman, Munevar, Malloy, and Ferrrell (2013) examine the whole concept of the acute and critical care nurses on the aging population in the last stages of life. They aim at showing that the critical and the acute care nurses do not have enough education for the proper care of this population and the benefits of having the education as well. The ELNEC modules make use of 388 participants, from 2007 to 2010 for this study. The participants had to revise the policies and made changes in their workplaces so that there is provision of better care for the dying critical care patients. The participants offered training to more than 2900 classes. The ELNEC program aimed at improving the education to nurses regarding acute and critical care. Through this education, there was an increase in the nurse’s knowledge and skills on how to take good care of the patients in need of the palliative care. Saunders and Clark, (2005) describe the importance of palliative care to at the end of life. He views the problem linked to lack of training of the nurses and suggests the importance of carrying out research on the issue. Comparing with previous researches conducting, he put more emphasis to the importance of palliative care to nursing care. The researcher defines the problem

Sexual harrasment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sexual harrasment - Essay Example I will rely on specific aspects of sexual harassment and discuss certain laws that relate to sexual harassment in investigating the claim before giving a detailed opinion. Notably, the two women had previously complained to the supervisor’s immediate superior informing him of their discomfort and their need for the unwelcome sexual advances. Ideally, 1995 Auto Corp should have engaged in an investigation process to ascertain the magnitude, facts, and effects of the sexual harassment claim with an aim of resolving the issue to the benefit of the employees and the company. The company should have sought the application of all labor and employment laws to all union and nonunion employees. Although the two female employees were working in the nonunion satellite offices, they enjoyed the protection under Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. The company should have investigated the claim on fair grounds and under the applicable labor and employment laws. In determining the investigator, the company should consider the relationship of the claim and the accused. The investigator should be conversant with the complaint and company policy. The investigator should have established the correctness of the adopted complaint procedure. The investigation on the complaints procedure will have determined the name and position of the accused and other victims. The investigation would also describe the date, location, and witnesses of the incident (SHRM, 2014). The investigation would also establish the effect of the reported claim on the complainant as well as the efforts initiated by the complainant to stop the sexual harassment (SHRM, 2014). Ideally, the internal investigations ought to address the privacy of all parties. The investigator should have interviewed the two female employees, the accused, and any witnesses to help the employer in resolving the complaint (State of

Police Corruption In The United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Police Corruption In The United States - Essay Example Police corruption acts are increasing with the passage of time and everyday we comprehend and share our views regarding police unlawful acts, what is published in the newspaper. "In New Orleans, 11 police officers were convicted of accepting nearly $100,000 from undercover agents to protect a cocaine supply warehouse containing 286 pounds of cocaine. The undercover portion of the investigation was terminated when a witness was killed under orders from a New Orleans police officer." (General Accounting Office, Report to the Honorable Charles B. Rangel). Police departments participating in the five-year study were drawn from a pool of more than 4,000 police departments throughout the United States. Only sixty-nine supplied the necessary personality, background, and offense data and met all of the prerequisites for inclusion in the study (each had to administer a personality test to applicants and had to have had at least one incident where a screened officer engaged in a substantiated corrupt act, for example). Overall, the study examined 439 officers who had engaged in corrupt acts (such as bribes and information breaches) and 439 who had not. Police corruption exists in two forms: Internal corruption and External Corruption. Internal corruption refers to all those crimes, which are held within the boundaries of the police department, i.e., corruption that resides among policemen whereas External corruption escorts to those unlawful acts that apprehend police dealings with the public. Example of an Internal crime can be any officer who is involved in drug or cocaine violence along with other officers or staff or any officer who has taken excessive advantage over the authority given to him by harassing one of his colleague or member. A 1998 report by the General Accounting Office states, "The most commonly identified pattern of drug-related police corruption involved small groups of officers who protected and assisted each other in criminal activities, rather than the traditional patterns of non-drug-related police corruption that involved just a few isolated individuals or systemic corruption pervading an entire police department or precinct." (General Accounting Office, Report to the Honorable Charles B. Rangel) When we talk about external corruption, it is obvious to do something with public prosecution and it is a widespread predicament often found in our everyday lives. Example can be any police officer (or civilian) found engaged in the persuasion of common public. Like I have often observed in New York City, some cops take unnecessary advantage of wearing a five star badge uniform. As an example of police corruption, the GAO cites Philadelphia, where "Since 1995, 10 police officers from Philadelphia's 39th District have been charged with planting drugs on suspects, shaking down drug dealers for hundreds of thousands of dollars, and breaking into homes to steal drugs and cash." (General Accoun

Variability of Solar Activity Parameters

Variability of Solar Activity Parameters Chapter 7: Overall Conclusion and Future Prospect of Research In the present work, efforts have been given to get an idea of variability of solar activity parameters during the recent solar minimum period and also to understand the effect of the solar activity parameters at the F2 region of the ionosphere. As our dependence on technological systems operating in and through the outer reaches of our terrestrial environment is continuously increasing, it is very necessary to get a clear idea about the variability of the ionosphere, magnetosphere and the sun itself which is primary source that drives not only our terrestrial environment but also the entire interplanetary domain. The properties of solar activity parameters and the use of GPS derived ionospheric TEC as a tool for investigation of the ionosphere are explained in detail under the current research work. The study shows that the ionospheric variability is well coupled with solar activity parameters and phase of solar activity also. The ionospheric problems studied here are mainly concern ed with satellite based navigation. Over recent years, the solar activity effects of the ionospheric parameters have received renewed interest, and considerable progress has been achieved. The present research work focuses on four aspects – Firstly the behaviour of various solar activity parameters (mainly sunspot and solar radio flux) during the recent solar minimum period. It has been noted from a preliminary study that the correlation coefficient of radio emission and sunspot number was low with respect to the correlation coefficients of previous solar minima. During this minima period, the frequency distribution of correlation coefficient of radio flux and sunspot number is random whether it has a similar pattern for previous three minima which suggest an unusual behaviour of radio flux during this minimum. Secondly, noting the unusual behaviour of radio flux, a rigorous periodic analysis of basal component of solar radio flux of different frequencies has been done as these frequencies reveal the physical nature of the source regions. The analysis has exposed that during recent extended solar minimum period the large magnetic structures (independent of sunspot activity) of solar coronal region might had a similar rotation with fairly homogeneous structure and towards the chromospheric layers the homogeneity disappears and the rotation rate was also different for different portions of the chromospheres. The periodicities obtained for X-ray flux have also been found in other solar-activity parameters which give an indication that there may be connectivity between sunspot X ray flux and some other solar activity parameters as the periodicities of both types of magnetic structures are nearly matching. This may be an indication to the underlying global mechanism that modulates different. Thirdly, after getting some idea about the solar activity parameters, efforts have been given to understand the effect of these activity parameters on ionosphere. The earth directed coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the sun, which result in increased pressure characterized by sudden increases in solar wind velocity, temperature and density as well as large changes in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) specially its north–south component (Bz), trigger the geomagnetic storms. These storms affect the ionosphere and makes such studies important from the point of view of space weather related processes. Here the effect of two geomagnetic storm of april and july 2012 on low latitude ionosphere has been studied. During the storms the depression and enhancements in VTEC compared to quiet time means VTEC was observed. This significant perturbation level in VTEC during the geomagnetic storm period may lead to the disturbances in navigation and communications systems which are now a days being used by civilian as well as military. These storm time perturbations in VTEC compared to quiet time mean values are caused by electro dynamical (PPE and DDE) as well mechanical effects (neural wind lifting effects and thermospheric composition changes) which are originated during the periods of geomagnetic storms. So these are the main key factors controlling the low latitude ionosphere’s response to the geomagnetic storm. Fourthly, a comparative study of the model and in-situ measurement of ionospheric parameters has been done. The last chapter deals on the investigation of the effect of the solar activity parameter on ionosphereric electron content and the investigation has been done by using the in-situ measurement data of the ionosphere. The in-situ measurement of TEC using the GPS and from the IGS stations is not possible from all places. So to understand the global distribution of TEC we need model data. Among all the ionospheric models, International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) is being widely used which is constantly being improved and updated by the scientific committee. In present time the most recent version of this model is IRI 2012. In this chapter, the diurnal, monthly and seasonal variations of the GPS-TEC are compared with those derived from the latest IRI 2012 model from four different stations. The study reveals that TEC with topside option IRI-2001 overestimates the observed GPS TEC i n low latitude regions in most of the times and the modeled TEC from other two options of IRI are in agreement with the observed TEC data. The matching between the IRI TEC and observed TEC is totally dependent on the local time, location and phase of the solar cycle and the largest deviations in model and observed TEC occur as a result of poor estimation of foF2 and NmF2 from the coefficients of IRI model. As the sophistication of our space based technological systems increases rapidly, their vulnerability to disturbances in space weather also increases. Performance of modern satellites used in global communications, weather predictions, remote sensing, defense systems and a variety of ground based scientific and operational systems depends on information we have on our ionosphere. The ionosphere is a highly variable medium and the low latitude ionosphere contributes the maximum variability. So a complete understanding of low latitude ionospheric phenomena is very essential. The Indian subcontinent lies in the low latitude region and thus gives us an opportunity to study the low latitude ionosphere. The north-east India is the region which lies in the EIA zone and hence the data of agartala station has its own importance. Presently we are using the GPS dual frequency receiver as a tool for investigating the low latitude ionosphere. New instrument like ionosonde will be recently install ed at our university which will give us a strong support in the ionospheric investigation. In order to get the idea of the global distribution of TEC, the variation of TEC from all the places need to be studied. But the in-situ measurement of TEC data from all the places is not available. So for this we need to depend on model TEC data. The US based models are best for their region not for Indian regions. So to get the variability of Indian subcontinent’s ionospheric region the in-situ measurement from Indian region is mostly important. As we have seen for around 92 degree longitude our study may be a significant input parameter for the modeling of ionosphere. Beside this study, it is expected to extend it for further investigation of ionosphere using GPS dual frequency receiver and ionosonde as tools.

The false accusation (story) :: essays research papers

The False accusation Jimmy was a short and a big headed kid. He was very smart and had brown hair. One day, he was walking in the long and narrow hallway between his classes with, his autographed football and work books in his hand, when his friend Sheen approached him. Sheen was Jimmy’s best friend. He was tall and had black hair. Sheen was considered by Jimmy, to be slow in the head. â€Å"Where’s our next class?† Jimmy asked. â€Å"What?† asked sheen. â€Å"Where’s our next class?† Jimmy repeated. â€Å"Oh, why didn’t you say that? It’s over there,† said sheen, pointing down to the class at the end of the hallway. Sheen led them to their class and sat a seat behind from Jimmy. Jimmy sat down and put his ball under his chair. The class was very spacious with 4 rows of 4 individual desks. The desks were all facing a chalkboard that was located in the front of the class. In the back of the class were four computers on individual tables. The chairs near those desks were very low. There was a little space that was dark between the tables. Jimmy looked around. The rest of the class was already seated and ready. Sitting on the right of Jimmy was a fat brown haired kid named Karl. Karl snorted when he laughed and Jimmy thought that to be funny. Karl was Jimmy’s other friend. On the other side of Jimmy, was an enormous and tall kid that always used to pick on Jimmy. He was called Max the bully by the rest of the class. The bell rang, which meant that class was starting. A second after the ringing, walked in the teacher. Her name was Mrs. Polzin. She was short and chubby, and had a low voice. She had short dark brown hair and blue eyes. Jimmy disliked her and believed she was from a different planet. Jimmy had her as a teacher for 3 years; since 3rd grade and had never liked her. Class started by the Mrs. Polzin greeting the students with, what Jimmy thought to be, a fake smile and good morning. She sat down at her desk and asked the pupils to take out their show and tell items. Other students had brought their pictures; others had brought caps and sweatshirts from different countries. Jimmy thought, like the others, his show and tell item was the best.

What accelerates and counteracts global warming?

Global warming is the worst challenge facing the world in the 21st century. Since the second half of the 20th century, there has been sudden increase in global temperature leading to global warming effect. Increased human activities and natural activities have contributed to increase global warming.Global warming has had various negative effects in the world including melting of polar ice and rise in sea levels, changes in weather pattern with prolonged drought and torrents of rain, disappearance of species, and many others. One of the main factors that have contributed to global warming is release of green house gases to the atmosphere. Release of gases like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrite oxide, and others has contributed to green house effect leading to global warming.Although green house gases has been cited as the main source of global warming, there are other minor sources which over the time has led to   substantial increase in global temperature. However, there are alternative factors counteracting global warming effects which include aerosols and soot, solar variation, and many others.Alternative causes of global warmingThe most common indicator used to indicate global warming is the change in average global temperature at the near earth’s surface.   Between 1860 and 1900 it is recorded that the earth surface temperature increased by  Ã‚   0.75oC which is approximately 1.35oF.Since 1979, the global temperature at the lower trosphere has recorded an increase of more than 0.22oC. Before 1850, it is believed that temperature was relatively stable for more than two thousands years and therefore it is the increase in human activities especially industrialization that has led to increase in global temperature. According to recent records, 2005 was recorded as the warmest year ever since the scientific world started keeping reliable records.The main factor contributing to increased global temperature has been release of green house gases to the atmosphere (Pierce and Adams, 2009). It is believed that gases like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrite oxide, nitrogen dioxide and others leads to green house effects which increases global temperature.While green house gases contribute to global warming effects, it is believed that there are factors which had previously been thought to cause global warming but counteract global warming effects.Although their contribution may be minimal and difficult to notice, these factors can led to substantial cooling of the earth over a long period of time. Let us look at some of these factors including aerosols and soot which counteract global warming and solar variation which may accelerates global warmingAerosols and soot Aerosols and soot contribute to global cooling through global dimming. This is an effect in which there is gradual reduction in the range of direct irradiance to the earth that greatly counteracts global warming effect.This phenomenon, which has been studied s ince 1960 evidence that global dimming, can contribute to cooling of the earth over a long period of time.   Global dimming is mainly caused by aerosols which are produced through volcanic activities and other emissions like sulfur dioxide (Pierce and Adams, 2009).Aerosols produce a cooling effect through increase of reflection of some of the incoming sunlight.   Ã‚  Through scattering and absorbing of the solar radiation, aerosols have also been shown to have indirect effects on the net radiation budget.For example sulfate aerosols have been found to form cloud condensation nuclei which lead to clouds having smaller could droplets.   The formed clouds have been shown to reflect solar radiation when compared to clouds with fewer and large droplets.Soot can lead to cool or warm effect on the globe depending on its state whether airborne or deposition. Soot aerosols in the atmosphere absorb solar radiation thereby cooling the earth since solar radiation heats the atmosphere.Howe ver, soot deposited at the glaciers has been shown to heat the earth surfaces.   Aerosols have more pronounced effects in the tropical and sub-tropical regions especially in Asia.

A Report On Mansarovar Yatra Tourism Essays

A Report On Mansarovar Yatra Tourism Essays A Report On Mansarovar Yatra Tourism Essay A Report On Mansarovar Yatra Tourism Essay Mansarovar Yatra Mansarovar gets its name from a lake of the same name, the universe s highest fresh H2O lake. Mansarovar attracts 1000s of pilgrims every twelvemonth and is a spiritual finish for four great faiths ; Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and the comparatively lesser known pre-buddhist faith Bonpo. Lake Mansarovar is situated in saddle horse Kailash and holds an elevated spiritual significance in the Hindu faith. Mansarovar is the beginning of the Sutlej river and is located near to the beginning of the Brahmaputra river, the Indus river and the Karnali river. Significance Mansarovar is a extremely august lake and per Hindu mythology, it is believed that a dip in this lake will cleanse one of all wickednesss and lead to heaven. Popular belief says that one who touches the Earth of Manasa Sarovar will travel to the Eden of Lord Brahma and one who partakes the H2O of this residence of pureness will happen a topographic point in Shiva s Eden. Attractions Mansarovar Lake: The lake is the lone attractive force for pilgrims and tourers likewise. Believed to be the umbilicus of the universe by the Tibetans, Mansarovar is revered in Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism. Per Hindu divinity, the psyche of a individual will happen a topographic point in Eden in the after life if one has visited the sanctum Mansarovar. Harmonizing to Hindu mythology, the lake was foremost created in the head of Lord Brahma and therefore the name ( manas = head A ; sarovar = lake ) . Further, it is besides believed that Gods descend from celestial spheres during Brahma Muhurta to bathe in the sanctum and pure Waterss of lake Mansarovar. The lake besides is of spiritual importance to Jains who believe that their first prophesier achieved enlightenment here. Buddhists believe that it is here that Queen Maya conceived Buddha. Mount Kailash: Considered to be the tallest mountain with the tip of the mountain making celestial spheres is besides, as per Hindu spiritual Bibles, the residence of Lord Shiva and is by far the holiest mountain that finds a reference in about all Hindu texts and scriptures refering to faith. For Hindus, a Yatra to mount Kailash is considered a must to be able to free them of their wickednesss. How to Reach Like Kedarnath, making Mansarovar poses a spot of a trouble but this is barely a hindrance for devouts and adventuresome tourers, 1000s of whom flock to Mansarovar every twelvemonth for a dip in the holy Waterss of the lake. The nearest airdrome to Mansarovar is

Free Essays on Inquesition

INQUISITION In 1320 the inquisition added witchcraft to its list of heresies. Many styles of torture had been invented so as to inflict the most horrific pain on the poor victim without killing them. The worst of these were turned upon those accused of witchcraft. With pope innocent v111 issuance of his papal bull against witches in 1484, the torture of people accused of being a witch reached fanatical proportions. The worst tortures occured in Germany and France. Millions of innocent people were tortured and murdered during the inquisition. The inquisitors followed procedures set forth by the dominican monks of pope innocent v111. At first the poor accused were told to confess. They were then stripped naked, shaved, pricked with needles for insensitive spots and then examined for marks of the devil. Before the torture started, the victim was told what was about to happen and in many cases this forced the accused to commit to whatever the inquisitors wanted. It was noted that a person who refused to talk even under torture was being aided by the devil. While the poor victim was being tortured a clerk recorded what was said. In many cases the clerk recorded things that were not even said. Each subsequent round of torture was much worse than the one before. The torturer was paid out of seized funds belonging to the victim. If the victim had no money then the relatives were made to pay. While the poor victims screamed with pain the childish tortures carried on like idiots. They sprayed there instruments with so called holy water, wore amulets, herbs and crossed themselves. The exact method of torture varied from place to place. The rack was well used in France. Some victims were horsewhipped. A sharp iron fork was used to mangle breasts. Red hot pincers were used to tear off flesh. Red hot irons were inserted up vaginas and rectums. A device named the turcas was used to tear out fingernails. After the nails were ripped out ... Free Essays on Inquesition Free Essays on Inquesition INQUISITION In 1320 the inquisition added witchcraft to its list of heresies. Many styles of torture had been invented so as to inflict the most horrific pain on the poor victim without killing them. The worst of these were turned upon those accused of witchcraft. With pope innocent v111 issuance of his papal bull against witches in 1484, the torture of people accused of being a witch reached fanatical proportions. The worst tortures occured in Germany and France. Millions of innocent people were tortured and murdered during the inquisition. The inquisitors followed procedures set forth by the dominican monks of pope innocent v111. At first the poor accused were told to confess. They were then stripped naked, shaved, pricked with needles for insensitive spots and then examined for marks of the devil. Before the torture started, the victim was told what was about to happen and in many cases this forced the accused to commit to whatever the inquisitors wanted. It was noted that a person who refused to talk even under torture was being aided by the devil. While the poor victim was being tortured a clerk recorded what was said. In many cases the clerk recorded things that were not even said. Each subsequent round of torture was much worse than the one before. The torturer was paid out of seized funds belonging to the victim. If the victim had no money then the relatives were made to pay. While the poor victims screamed with pain the childish tortures carried on like idiots. They sprayed there instruments with so called holy water, wore amulets, herbs and crossed themselves. The exact method of torture varied from place to place. The rack was well used in France. Some victims were horsewhipped. A sharp iron fork was used to mangle breasts. Red hot pincers were used to tear off flesh. Red hot irons were inserted up vaginas and rectums. A device named the turcas was used to tear out fingernails. After the nails were ripped out ...

Risk Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Risk Management - Case Study Example The server has been assigned an impact value of 100, and a control has been implemented that reduces the impact of the vulnerability by 75 percent. There is an 80 percent certainty of the assumptions and data. Operator use the MGMT45 control console to monitor operations is the server room. It has no password and is susceptible to unlogged misuse by the operator. Estimates show the likelihood of misuse is 0.1. There are no controls in place on this asset, which has an impact rating of 5. There is a 90 percent certainty of the assumptions and data. From the above data, the three assets for the company are extremely valuable. The following is how the organization will approach in evaluation and additional of more controls. Switch L47 has 2 vulnerability. Vulnerability 1 Switch L47 connects a network to the internet should be evaluated first, and additional controls put in place to secure the internal network from external attacks. This asset is extremely significant since there are many attackers constantly trying to access the company information. Therefore, securing switch L47 is important. It has percentage impact (90%) with high uncertainty of 25%. There is no any control in place to secure this asset hence it should be given priority. Server WebSrv6 Hosts should be the second one to be evaluated and additional measures put in place. It has high impact rate and 20% of uncertainty rate. It is second to be evaluated although it has 100 impact value because it has a control in place already. The MGMT45 control console to should be the last one to be evaluated since it has low impact value of 5 with a low rate of uncertainty (10%). It can be evaluated and secured last. There is only one source of risk which the operator hence it is easy to evaluate and provide appropriate measures. This is a very essential decision support tool with high capability to analyze and help users in making decisions. It was developed by Agena Limited. It is can

AT&T Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

AT&T - Research Paper Example As such this product will serve the needs of the young and middle aged individuals and families looking for entertainment on the go. Apart from this, the durability and reliability of the product is another important quality variable which can play important role in satisfying the needs of the customers. After sales services, good warranties as well as good coverage for the mobile phone services are some of the key needs of the target market to be satisfied. It is critical to note that firm needs to perfect its strategy in order to continue to serve the market. As such constant focus on improving the focus on the customer coupled with better delivery and service. (Kotler and Keller). AT&T needs to develop an extensive off-line and online distribution mechanism in order to facilitate the customers to obtain the product with relative ease. It is also important that AT&T must develop an alternative channel for distribution. As such, this product will fulfill the needs of those customers who are willing to enjoy entertainment on the go and belong to middle income level group.

St. George and Deerfield Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

St. George and Deerfield - Essay Example I respect everyone and listen to others peoples’ viewpoints carefully. Work has always been my first priority. I do not let my mind and attention deviate when I am determined to accomplish some task. I am not the one who keeps a bunch of incomplete or late works in his/her bag. When I plan to achieve something, I achieve it. Many people think that it is very challenging to achieve everything that you are trying for, but my hard work and strong will have always brought me success. Moreover, I am able to learn new skills quickly. For example, once at school, I had to perform in a concert and I had a very little amount of time to prepare because of my academic works. However, I was able to manage my academic works and prepare for the concert in a very short span of time because of my time management skills. In this part of the paper, I will talk about my job interest, family, and vision. I have always wanted to do such job, which should provide me the opportunity to explore different cultures and countries. I am interested in excavating ancient ruins in countries or places that are not well known. I want to explore ancient cultures and traditions. I am very interested in studying human behaviors of ancient times. I want to play my role in finding new history, culture, and ancient ruins in countries that are very poor and underdeveloped but have valuable history or unique culture. My family, particularly my parents, has always been a source of inspiration for me. My parents have always supported me in every matter of my life. They have played a great role in developing my interest in archeology. I am very fond of traveling. Travel enables me to broaden my vision, get hope, and dream for my future. Travel also helps me find new aspects of different cultures and explore the roots of ancient traditions. When I was in 5th grade, my family and I made a travel to Egypt. The travel helped me develop my interest in ancient history and in

Heart Disease Essay Example for Free

Heart Disease Essay Our body is composed of many organs and all of those organs are important. One of them is our heart. Heart played a great role in our body because it pumps the blood coming from our vessels throughout the parts of our body. Though there are still some people who are over using their hearts that can lead to some major heart problems. These problems are like heart attack, malfunction of our heart or even slowing of our heart rate. These kinds of heart problems can also be develop thru some diseases like diabetes and obesity. Obesity can occur because of lack in health or food diet and also lack of exercise everyday. Balance diet and lifestyle like exercising is a good habit to avoid obesity. Thought, thru this many things we are doing in this life it seems to be so complicated. From the day we wake up until to our work and back again at night. Yet, our heart can never be compare for what id did for us, working 24 hours a day, 7 times a week, 30 days a month and so on. For this reason, it was found out that unusual feelings or emotions may lead to some malfunction of our heart. Emotional stress is one of the problems due to some problems like in our family, work, or even in our personal relationship. If emotional stress often occurs to our self, it may produce various transient cardiovascular responses leading to some changes like heart rate then eventually develop to heart disease like heart attack. Then, changes in our heart rate will lead to risk for high blood and improper function of our heart. For this reason, we need to learn how to manage our stress to lesser the risk of heart failure. We need to realize that being frustrated or disappointed to little things like for example, giving other meaning on what we see or hear from other people may cause stress. For this instance, it is advice to always look on both parties and truly accept the opinions of others to lesser the tension that may lead to stress. Giving time for our self like walking around and having some exercise everyday may be a better help. Making negative things to positive way and being calm in every criticism we hear is a good help in relieving our emotions to stress. We need also to learn that we are the one who take control of our selves, that we have the choice if we let those negative things destroy us or make us better. Depression and hopelessness like being alone and losing faith and hope in things will not help to solve our problem instead may affect our heart and sometimes may lead to heart attack. Though there are times that it may also lead to develop some other diseases like diabetes and obesity that can increase risk in heart problem. Emotional trauma due to some death, accident and even because of different abuses can also trigger the risk of heart failure or even death. Since the person may also undergo in depression and hopelessness at this stage and for that reason they need accompaniment. If these cases occur, we need to ask some professional help or advices from a doctor because this kind of problems are too serious and need some attention from a professional person to avoid more complicated things to happen. For the reason that emotional problems is the leading reason of heart failure, doctors have advices that we need to be aware in everything we do, say or act even its physically, mentally or emotionally because it can affect our health in different way like heart failure. Doctors also recommended that the physiological factors that affect our health can never be cure or solve by other people instead by our selves only. People have different way in controlling ourselves and it only depends on us how to manage and handle it. We need to realize that sometimes, thinking too many especially unnecessary things may affect our emotions. We also need to always remember that if we allow those feeling to overcome us, it can just destroy us because it gives a lot of problems to us like health problems and in reality we can just let those bad thought to just pass away. We need to always remember that we are not on the world of imagination or thinking impossible things instead we are in a real world that even its complicated, its worthwhile living because its real. Painful and disabling headaches seem to be ignored to be just a simple one but in reality it needs much attention. It is because it can develop to some more complicated diseases that can more damage our brain system like migraine which can affect both sides of our brain that bring a lot of pain called headache. Too much and continues headache without paying attention by the person experiencing it   brought by migraine can damage our health that can lead to brain damage or even tumor in our brain that can cause to a death of one’s patient. Headache is also accompanied by vomiting, nausea and sensitivity to noise, smell and light. If one person is experiencing migraine, he/she can be experiencing â€Å"aura† that includes dizziness, double vision and changes in your vision while others can also experience migraine without aura call common migraine. One person can have a migraine through his/her heritage, it can also develop through the hard activities we had, through alcohol consumptions, through little or too much sleep, also through women who undergo menstruation and sometimes thru the psychological influences that our lifestyle brought to us. Though even researchers haven’t yet prove the psychological influences it brought in developing migraine, but still the factors that have been considered played a great role in curing or preventing migraine. Examples of these psychological influences are thinking of negatives things, frightening, angry, self demeaning and thinking a lot of unnecessary things. Thru these feelings, stress and depression may occur that can more trigger the migraine of one’s person because it affects our brain system. It affects our brain system because migraine is developed through out brain that leads to headache and if our brain is over work already plus more the things that we are thinking or experiencing, it can more trigger our migraine. These things are the psychological factors that influence a lot the development of migraine is one’s person. Treatments for this kind of disease is still undergoing research for scientist and doctors but some medicine like painkillers is been using for the patients because it can lower down the pain that the patient is experiencing. Though, through those psychological factors in developing migraine, treatment or even prevention can be applied. Doctors have found out that having a good lifestyle can be a good solution in curing or even preventing migraine. Example, having a good and right diet in the foods that we are eating can be a good key to have good nutrient for our body to fight for those bacteria’s and viruses that are causing migraine. Having a lifestyle also that is full of love and patient can be a good process in preventing anger and negative feeling to be in our thoughts that can lead to stress and even depressions. In conclusion, though psychological factors are not yet proven in preventing or curing migraine, it still played a great role in some major health problems we are experiencing like heart problem. Psychological factors also is a very safe way in having a good health because it doesn’t involve any taking of medicine because we all know that even good medicines have side effects. Psychological factors also a good key in preventing those diseases because those psychological aspects that may lead to some disease can be prevented by our own selves only. It is just through our self control to the things we are doing, saying, acting or even thinking. It is just a matter of self discipline in all things that we are doing. We need to remember that if we like to have good health, we need to take care of our self too. Health is never been precious than any things in this world. So, let’s take care of our self to prevent those diseases in destroying us. REFERENCES http://www.advocatehealth.com/system/info/library/articles/heartcare/howorks.html http://health.yahoo.com/headache-overview/migraine-headaches-topic-overview/healthwise==hw116876.html.

Racism: a Short History Essay example -- Race Racism Essays

Racism: a Short History George Fredrickson makes an argument ultimately against the dichotomy between civilization and savagery, specifically the resurgence of ethnoreligious bigotry that, according to him, replaces 20th century race theory in order to justify continued inequities and sociopolitical oppression worldwide in Racism: A Brief History. His book delineates the rise of modern race theory, beginning in Medieval Europe and synthesizing an explanation for the existence and success of the overtly racist regimes, the United States, South Africa, and Nazi Germany. Fredrickson cautions, however, that racism can easily become interchangeable with religious bigotry when facing corporatism that aims to alienate, marginalize, and devalue human beings as mere consumers with little agency or any collective sense of identity. Racism's ultimate goal, according to Fredrickson, is to establish a permanent hierarchal order that, "has two components: difference and power." Fredrickson's analysis is probably one of the most direct and functional definitions of racism that I have run across in a while. His delineation reads, My theory or conception of racism, therefore has two components: difference and power. It originates from a mindset that regards "them" as different from "us" in ways that are permanent and unbridgeable. This sense of difference provides a motive or rationale for using our power advantage to threat the ethnoracial Other in ways that we would regard as cruel or unjust if applied to members of our own group. The possible consequences of this nexus of attitude and action range from unofficial but pervasive social discrimination at one end of the spectrum to genocide at the other . . . In all manifestatio... ...ention to suggest, on any level, that religion does not remain one of the defining elements of political power in this country. Race, as an immediate and visual discriminatory practice however, is seen played out much more plainly and it only seems to make sense to close with Justice Harry Blackmun's 1978 decision to uphold affirmative action. In order to get beyond racism, we must first take account of race. There is no other way. And in order to treat some persons equally, we must treat them differently. We cannot - we dare not - let the Equal Protection clause perpetuate racial supremacy. (Fredrickson, 143). Works Cited Churchill, Ward. A Little Matter of Genocide: Holocaust Denial in the Americas, 1492 to the Present. San Francisco: City Lights Books, 1997. Fredrickson, George. Racism: A Short History. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002.

Past Semester Questions

CONFIDENTIAL LW/JUN 2012/LAW416 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE COURSE CODE EXAMINATION TIME BUSINESS LAW LAW416 JUNE 2012 3 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of SEVEN (7) questions. 2. Answer any FOUR (4) of the questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. 3. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. 4. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of: i) the Question Paper ii) an Answer Booklet – provided by the Faculty DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SOThis examination paper consists of 4 printed pages  © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 2 LW/JUN2012/LAW416 QUESTION 1 a) Parliament of Malaysia is vested with the powers to legislate law. Explain the procedure of the law making process before any law is passed by the Parliament. (20 marks) b) With regards to sources of the Malaysian Legal System, discuss the doctrine of judicial precedent. (5 marks) QUESTION 2 a) Explain the rules in Hyde v. Wrench (1840) 49 ER 132 under the law of contract. (10 marks) b) Ahmad proposed to sell his house to Badri for RM 100,000 on 1st August 2011.It was agreed by both parties that acceptance of the proposal was to be completed on or before 25th August 2011. They also agreed to use the post as the mode of communication. Badri then sent a notice of acceptance to Ahmad through a registered post on 20th August 2011. However, the notice was only received by Ahmad on 27th August 2011. Ahmad then refused to sell the house to Badri. Badri intends to sue Ahmad for breach of contract. Advise Badri on the matter. (15 marks) QUESTION 3 With regards to the law of agency, discuss the following: a) Creation of agency by necessity. (15 marks) b) Termination of agency by operation of law 10 marks)  © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 3 LW/JUN2012/LAW416 QUESTION 4 a) Ire ne went to Cantikmuka, a shop selling cosmetic products, to buy a set of blusher. The sales assistant, Janet recommended a particular type of blusher, said to be the best in the market and imported from France. Irene told Janet that she was suffering from dermatitis, a skin disease that made her skin very sensitive. Janet told Irene that the blusher was suitable for her and relying on Janet's expertise, Irene bought the blusher. Unfortunately, when Irene used it for the very first time, nasty rashes appeared on her face.Irene now intends to sue Janet and Cantikmuka. Advise Irene on the matter. (15 marks) b) Explain the remedies of a buyer when there is a breach of contract under the Sale of Goods Act 1957. (10 marks) QUESTION 5 Fazril entered into a hire purchase agreement under the Hire-Purchase Act 1967 to purchase a Honda City. Bahrin, the dealer told Fazril that the car was in good condition. Fazril then purchased the car. With respect to the provisions of the Hire-Purchase Act 1967, advise Fazril on the following matters: a) Fazril wishes to let his younger sister, Fazreen, continue with the hire-purchase agreement. 9 marks) b) Fazril wishes to shorten the duration of the hire purchase agreement. (8 marks) c) Fazril wishes to know the current financial status of the hire purchase agreement from the owner. (8 marks) QUESTION 6 Discuss the definition and characteristics of a bill of exchange under the Bills of Exchange Act 1949. (25 marks)  © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 4 LW/JUN 2012/LAW416 QUESTION 7 By reference to section 16(5) of the Companies Act 1965, discuss the effects of incorporation. (25 marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER  © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

Luxury brands Essay

Whenever you switch on the television, or flip through the pages of magazines, you are bombarded with celebrity news and reality shows that touch your inner needs to feel beautiful, important and recognized. Those gorgeous people in advertisements tell you that their lifestyle and material possessions like clothes and accessories can make you beautiful as well, and help you to be part of their world. All you need to do is to buy the right fashion brands by the right designers. Then you start to crave for the Louis Vuitton bag or the Chanel glasses. Soon you are hooked by the luxury. Fashion has always played a significant role in the history of the great civilizations. With the clear differences between social classes the consumption of luxury was limited to the elite classes. The nineteenth century marked the beginning of the luxury goods sector and the start of many of the highly valuable luxury brands that we know today, e. g. Gucci, Hermes, Cartier and Louis Vuitton in France, Burberry in England and Bvlgare in Italy. Nowadays, the luxury fashion sector is the fourth largest revenue generator in France, and one of the most remarkable sectors in Italy, Spain, the USA and the emerging markets of China, Russia and India. The luxury industry has increased impressively having a huge growth in demand. The luxury consumer is powerful. Consumers have much choice in products, shopping channels and pricing of luxury goods. The aim of this study is to examine young people’s attitudes, i. e. their beliefs, feelings and purchase intentions, towards luxury brands. The author tries to find out what â€Å"luxury† means to young people, what influences their consumer decision-making, and on a small scale, young adults luxury brand awareness. 3 defining factors of luxury: Luxury is nonessential: Luxury is desired, not needed. In luxury you are at your best. It makes your life richer and more worth living. Luxury is â€Å"hard to get†: Its availability is restricted by high price, by small series, by exclusiveness. If you are allowed at all to try and get it, it demands an effort, a sacrifice. Luxury is superb, inspiring feelings of wonder and excitement: It represents an outstanding achievement, it is a divine experience. You cannot but admire the people that created it. You are so charged up that you must share your experience with others. What is Brand? A distinguishing symbol, mark, logo, name, word, sentence or a combination of these items that companies use to distinguish their product from others in the market. Once a brand has created positive sentiment among its target audience, the firm is said to have built brand equity. Levels of brands:- Signature brands – These are the most expensive brands in their category. They are personal creations, one of a kind, signed by a highly acclaimed authority or by an artist of supreme status (an outfit created by Tom Ford) Supreme brands – These are products that are produced in limited series, often hand crafted (a Rolls Royce Phantom 101EX car, the service at Tiffany & Co. , or a night at the Ritz Hotel in Paris). High End brands – High quality mass production (from a BeoCenter2 music system by Bang & Olufsen to G Collection chocolate pieces by Godiva). 6 P’s of luxury brand marketing. Performance:- Performance refers to the delivery of superior experience of a luxury brand at two levels – first, at a product level which must satisfy the functional and utilitarian characteristic as well as deliver on its practical physical attributes and, second, at an experiential level i-e the emotional value of the brand the consumers buy into – beyond what the product is to what it represents. Pedigree:- Many luxury brands have a rich pedigree and extraordinary history that turn into an inseparable part of the brand’s mystique which isbuilt around the exceptional legendary founder character of the past. Paucity:- over distribution of luxury brands can cause dilution of luxury character. Hence, many brands try to maintain the perception that the goods are scarce. paucity is more promotional in nature such as the limited editions or the special series to generate artificial desire and demand. Public figures:- Public figures or celebrities have traditionally been employed as one of the marketing mix in luxury brand advertising and they still continue to grab attention, credibility and impact. This strategy attempts to remove the appearance of â€Å"selling† while still promoting the product by making it seem as a part of the celebrity’s lives, thereby positively affecting the consumer’s attitudes, brand value and purchase intention. Public relations:- plays an enormous role in image proliferation of the brand, thereby subtly influencing public opinion. PR is used to generate buzz and convey brand news. Pricing:- Consciously or subconsciously, consumers tend to generate a mental luxury stature or image with the price range that the brand operates. it is important for luxury brands to price themselves right as setting the price lower than consumer expectation and willingness to pay can potentially harm the brand value. Five steps to build a luxury brands Identifying a niche segment:- Luxury brands are built on the premise of offering high symbolic value to a very selective segment of consumers who are more focused on high status associations than the underlying price. As luxury brands are substantively different from other brands. Positioning based on high levels of differentiation:- As global brands strategize their competitive moves, they are likely to either follow a cost leadership strategy or a differentiation strategy. luxury brands should aggressively differentiate their brand experience. luxury brands are characterized by high levels of customer loyalty, that define their identity and powerful associations. Emphasizing symbolic value:- The most important element is the brand’s ability to create and communicate symbolic value for its customers. Symbolic value means the extent to which the brand is perceived by the customers. Creating perceptions of exclusivity:- All luxury brands strive to create a sense of exclusivity for their customers. Perceptions of exclusivity can be created by unattainable price, limited geographic availability, barriers to possession, or even limited supply. It enables the brand to sustain its positioning in the face of extreme external shocks such as heightened competition, regulatory shocks or even recession. Uncompromising delivery on superior brand promise:- Successful brands are those that create supportive organizational and operational structures that facilitate the implementation of strategies to deliver on promises which involves multiple dimensions in the case of luxury brands. they also will need to project consistency and continuity at every possible touch point. Objectives of the study:- To examine consumer’s motives for buying luxury brands. To identify the factors influencing the consumer’s at the time of purchasing luxury brands. To measure the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction among the people with their preferred luxury brands. To examine consumer’s preferences towards celebrity endorsed brands in comparison to premium brands. Need of the study:- It has been observed the growth of Luxury market is growing by leaps and bounds. The world has become a very small place in terms of geographies and global distance is getting shorter and shorter every day. Modes of communication have increased considerably and hence people have exposure to varying products available at a premium cadre across the globe. Hence it becomes imperative to design and market. Luxury brands that have a universal appeal and can take on the needs and aspirations of people across the globe. Review of Literature:- (Hansen & Wanke, 2011) Luxury is highly desirable, but affordable only to a few. Luxury is often described as something being of excellent quality, which means that the ingredients or components of a luxury product are exceptional and superior to what is found in ordinary products. (Dubois & Kapferer, 2010) were among the first to recognize the importance of international luxury products and brands in academic literature. (Dijk, 2009) Luxury brands is the kind of goods for which demand increases as income rises, and goods that have a high income elasticity of demand. (Silverstein & Fiske, 2008) Brands are important when creating an individual style, especially when talking about shoes, clothing, watches, fashion accessories, spirits and cars. Brands send messages to friends, lovers and potential employers about who a person is or would like to be. (Danziger, 2005) Luxuries are the extras in life that make it more fulfilling, more rewarding, more comfortable, more enjoyable†. She further suggests a definition for the concept, which states that luxury is â€Å"that which nobody needs but desires†. (Vickers, 2003) It has been remarked that luxury goods are higher in the psychological, social and symbolic dimension, while non luxury goods score higher in the functional value. (Dubois & Czellar, 2002) have also explored the relationship between the concepts of â€Å"luxury and â€Å"prestige† as applied to brands by means of an interpretative analysis of in-depth consumer interviews. The results indicated that prestige can be achieved independently of luxury in many categories. At a symbolic level, consumers can interpret luxury as the symbol of brand prestige. (Dubois, Laurent & Sandor Czellar, 2001) published a consumer report analyzing complex and ambivalent attitudes to luxury. Again they conducted two studies. The first study was a consumer-based exploratory analysis with usual qualitative interviewing methods. Research Methodology:- Research is an intensive study in a particular field to achieve at a better conclusion of a problem. Research Methodology is a systematic way of solving the problem. 1) Research Type:- Type of research used is Descriptive Research. The purpose of using the descriptive research method is to acquire accurate, factual, systematic data that can provide you with an actual picture of the data set that you are reviewing. 2) Research Design:- The research design is the basic framework or a plan for a study that guides the collection of data and analysis of data. It includes how data is to be collected, what instruments will be employed, how the instruments will be used and the intended means for analyzing data collected. 3) Data collection method:- a) Primary data:- Questionnaire: These are designed to collect information which consists of relevant questions about the respondent’s attitude and consumer preferences. It is semi-structured, has a combination of close and open ended questions. A sample of 100 will be chosen. The survey will aim at young people under the age 20-30 in Ludhiana. b) Secondary data:- Information that has been previously gathered for some purpose other than the current research project. Information gathered from research journals, books, internet and articles. 3)Sampling:- When some of the elements are selected with the intention of finding out something about the population from which they are taken, that group of elements is referred as a sample, and the process of selection is called Sampling. 4) Sampling Unit:- A single section selected to research and gather statistics of the whole. Limitations:- A major limitation of the project is that it lacks broader exploration on consumer perception and purchasing of luxury products and its relationship with local products. This study has a homogeneous sample and its analyses and tests can only be applied to present luxury consumers. The sample size for both, quantitative and qualitative research might be seen as a further limitation of this research impacting the extent of generalization and should be increased in future research. This would also allow for a better differentiations to gender, age and/or income groups and for higher levels of R-square explanation. The positive relationships between purchasing of luxury goods and the need of uniqueness, symbolic/status consumption and identity indicate that most of the people want to avoid similarity, but, at the same time, they want to possess the status symbols that are consumed to symbolize personal and social identity.

Definition and Examples of Euphuism (Prose Style)

Definition and Examples of Euphuism (Prose Style) Euphuism is an elaborately patterned prose style, characterized in particular by the extensive use of similes and metaphors, parallelism, alliteration, and antithesis. Adjective: euphuistic. Also called  Asianism and aureate diction. Euphuism is about infinite expansion, says Katharine Wilson. A  single thought can breed analogies, anecdotes, intellectual choices, and printed pages (Turne Your Library to a Wardrope: John Lyly and Euphuism in  The Oxford Handbook of English Prose 1500-1640, 2013).The term euphuism (from the Greek, to grow, bring forth) is derived from the name of the hero in  John Lylys ornately florid Euphues, the Anatomy of Wit (1579).Euphuism is not related to euphemism, a more common term. Commentary The freshest colours soonest fade, the teenest razor soonest turneth his edge, the finest cloth is soonest eaten with moths, and the cambric sooner stained than the coarse canvas: which appeared well in this Euphues, whose wit, being like wax, apt to receive any impression, and bearing the head in his own hand, either to use the rein or the spur, disdaining counsel, leaving his country, loathing his old acquaintance, thought either by wit to obtain some conquest, or by shame to abide some conflict; who, preferring fancy before friends and his present humour before honour to come, laid reason in water, being too salt for his taste, and followed unbridled affection, most pleasant for his tooth. (John Lyly, from Euphues, 1579)Nothing daunted at the staunch refusal of different divines, whose modest walk was interrupted by their bold assertion of loathsome rights, they moved on, while laughs of hidden rage and defeat flitted across their doll-decked faces, to die as they next accosted so me rustic-looking critics, who, tempted with their polished twang, their earnest advances, their pitiful entreaties, yielded, in their ignorance of the ways of a large city, to their glossy offers, and accompanied, with slight hesitation, these artificial shells of immorality to their homes of ruin, degradation and shame. (Amanda McKittrick Ros, Delina Delaney, 1898) Euphuism and Rhetoric The historians tell us that Euphuism is older than Euphues, but they have failed to notice that the English study of rhetoric provides a much better indication of its origin than do the imagined influences of Italy and Spain. ... Now, the recipe, so to speak, of Euphuism is to be found in The Arte of Rhetorique [1553]. By this is not meant that we claim that [Thomas] Wilsons book taught Lyly his secret; only that it was through the fashionable study of rhetoric in the literary coteries of the time that this manner of writing was evolved. Examples of what is meant abound in this book. (G.H. Mair, introduction to Wilsons Arte of Rhetorique. Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1909) Euphuism and Tacit Persuasion Patterns The locus classicus for the tacit persuasion patterns we have been discussing is a linguistically lunatic Elizabethan short novel, John Lylys Euphues. ... The book consists mostly of moralizing speeches, couched in a style so full of antithesis, isocolon, climax and alliteration that it comes to be about tacit persuasion patterns. ...[A] reader of Lyly is so conditioned to antitheses that he starts to make them at the least suggestion. Chiasmus as well as double-isocolon has become a way of perceiving. ...[Lyly] didnt have anything new to say. In his moral world, nothing new was left to say. How make a splash, then? You let the tacit persuasion patterns generate the meaning for you. Finding yourself with nothing to say, you deliver yourself methodically into the arms of chance. And so Euphues, whatever help it may provide for prodigal sons, comes to be a pattern-book of tacit persuasion. ...We see better illustrated here than in any other prose style I know the back-pressure form exe rts on thought. Vernon Lee, an acute student of English style, once called syntax the cast left by long repeated acts of thought. Lyly stood this observation on its head, thought becoming the cast left by infinitely repeated tacit persuasion patterns. (Richard A. Lanham, Analyzing Prose, 2nd ed. Continuum, 2003)

Beethoven, Handel, and Bach essays

Beethoven, Handel, and Bach essays Try this. Play for someone a random selection of classical music and ask him or her to identify a given piece. Now do the same with Joy to the World by Johann Sebastian Bach, The Messiah: Hallelujah Chorus by George Frederic Handel, and The Magic Flute by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Undoubtedly, the second group was more recognizable to the listener. And for good reason. These are three of the most accomplished composers in history, each contributing vastly to the music of the last four centuries. Each came from different circumstances and approached their career from a different angle. Johann Sebastian Bach was born and died in Germany. He grew up the son of a church organist, studied organ in the church, and spent the rest of his life employed by various churches as a German organmeister, in charge of playing, fixing and tuning the organ. He also supervised and instructed the choirboys education. In the few moments he had between church meetings, organ tunings, and teaching he would write page after page of music to be performed at congregations or in lessons. Throughout his life, Bach seemed to be driven to explore all the possibilities of a given style or genre. The Brandenburg Concertos were put together as a kind of a musical rsum in a desperate attempt to get out of his routine position. Sadly, he didnt get the job and it was back to the church for poor old Bach. As you might expect, Bach died in relative obscurity and poverty, yet his death in 1750 heralded the end of an Era, and his life was a monument to creativity: In addition to his innumerable volumes of musical compositions, he also had twenty children-Bach truly was a master organ player. Unlike Bach, George Frideric Handel was not born into a musical family, and was forced to study music in secrecy to avoid upsetting his father. Of the three composers under dissection, music was the least accessible to Handel. His talent would not go unnotic...

Comment, Suggestion, and Feedback

Comment, Suggestion, and Feedback Comment, Suggestion, and Feedback Comment, Suggestion, and Feedback By Maeve Maddox A reader asks about these three words: I was wondering about the differences between comment, suggestion, and feedback. They often seem to be used interchangeably. I would like to know how to use each word appropriately in different contexts.    Here are the relevant definitions of these words in the context of social media: comment noun: a remark or criticism on or upon anything. suggestion noun: an idea or thought suggested, a proposal. feedback noun: information about the result of a process, experiment, etc. The word comment has the broadest application because a comment can contain a suggestion or provide feedback. The comments that follow the posts on this site provide examples of all three terms. Comment Carnival – The word derives from a phrase meaning â€Å"the putting away of flesh†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ as in the fasting from meat as Christians [according to traditional dogma] are supposed to do during Lent. It became an event of feasting and revelry because it’s the last chance for the next 6 weeks to indulge in that delicious pot roast, steak dinner, or other self-gratifications. The reader has added information relating to a post about words derived from a Latin word meaning flesh. This kind of comment enriches the site by expanding the post in a relevant manner. Suggestion Could you also clarify and explain the origins of â€Å"chalk it up†. I’ve also seen â€Å"chock it up† which I assume is an error.   I’ve also heard â€Å"chop it up† in the same context. This reader, in commenting on the post about chock-full, has made a suggestion for a future post. Such suggestions keep me supplied with topics. Feedback I think your spelling of cockeyeed is incorrect.  I think it is spelled cockeyed. (minus one e) Feedback can be positive or negative. Comments that express agreement or appreciation let writers know they’re on the right track with their intended audience. Comments that point out errors or ambiguity enable the writer to improve a published post. NOTE: I like to receive feedback that points out typographical errors by way of email, rather than in the open comments section- and not just to minimize my embarrassment. When the error has been corrected in the post, the comment remains as a distraction to future readers. The figurative use of feedback derives from a technical term relating to electronics: feedback noun: The return of a fraction of the output signal from one stage of a circuit, amplifier, etc., to the input of the same or a preceding stage, â€Å"positive feedback† tending to increase the amplification; â€Å"negative feedback† tending to decrease the amplification. Also, a signal so returned. I’ll take this opportunity to thank my readers for all three- comments, suggestions, and feedback. They are and have been of tremendous benefit to me, as a blogger and as a student of English. Related post: Comment Etiquette Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comma After i.e. and e.g.20 Words Meaning "Being or Existing in the Past"The 7 Types of Possessive Case

Position essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Position - Essay Example after a high-profile spokesperson named Celerino Castillo, a former high-ranking Drug Enforcement Agency operative, testified and gave first-hand information about the substantial involvement of the CIA in the drug trade. The following discussions center on the issues regarding how the CIA gets involves in drug trades. The CIA was created by a Wall Street investor and lawyer named Clark Clifford through the National Security Act of 1947 (Corruption Enablers in Legal-Judicial Areas, 2009). Corruption was rooted with the CIA when it was created (Stitch, 2009). The leaders of this US government transformed section supported the illegal trade, including Clifford. The CIA got involved in this trade to finance their operations and later on became a money producing machine for some money-hungry operatives. This information was included in Celerino Castillo’s report. In the early 1950’s all the way up to the mid 1970’s the U.S. military participation in Laos, Indochina had a lot to do with illegal drugs. Research shows that heroin and opium were flown by â€Å"Air America† into a lot of different nations, as well as Vietnam (Stitch, 2007). Because of CIA’s drug trafficking, Southeast Asia became the major producer of heroin and opium. It is assumed that Southeast Asia produces 80% or the world’s heroin and opium (Stitch, 2007). The good image of South Vietnam was also tarnished by the drug trade brought in by the CIA from Laos. Cultures like that of the Hmong in Laos delivered 40,000 men for the CIAs underground Laotian military (Stitch, Rodney, 2007). Nevertheless in the development, opium production took over the Hmong people and many became addicted. To back the Hmong drug addiction, the CIAs â€Å"Air America† transferred rare opium beyond the Laotian mountains to the drug test centers. During the mi d-70s, Army health officers gave estimation that roughly twenty percent of American fighters had become addicted to the drugs because of the CIA (Stich

How the globalization of industry has led to the deterioration of the Essay

How the globalization of industry has led to the deterioration of the position of women in Third World countries - Essay Example The fact that these percentages are indicative of the importance of women for the increase of performance of firms in Third World countries does not seem to have been taken into consideration by legislators in these countries – the same assumption can be made regarding the behaviour of the members of International Organizations that have the obligation to examine the respect of rights of women and children globally. In accordance with the study of Nanda (2000, 25) ‘literate but unskilled—and largely female—labor has thus far fuelled the tremendous increase in manufactured exports of garments and micro electronic products from the Third World to the industrially-advanced economies of the North’. In the above study, it is made clear that women have a critical role in the development of industrial activities in most countries around the world – not only in these belonging in the so-called Third World. From another point of view, this study could lead to the assumption that in the future women in those countries would need to be appropriately trained in order to meet the demands of market globally (development of technology used in all industrial sites, improvement of communication among employees and managers, increase of daily performance and so on). The above projects – if attempted - could meet a series of obstacles; more specifically, as it is noticed al so by Nanda (2000) – women in firms in Third World countries are likely to be non-skilled - at an extremely high percentage.

Psychological Theories in Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Psychological Theories in Education - Essay Example In recent years, the focus has been on creating a socialization process which assists the novice educators in understanding and applying general insights relating to teaching and learning. Thus, it can be seen that various theoretical approaches and practices were suggested by several psychological theorists in the history of education. In the 20th century, one most prominent researcher in developmental psychology has been Jean Piaget (1896-1980) who was mainly interested in the biological influences on how people come to know or learn and considered himself a genetic epistemologist. He is one of the most significant education theorists who has dealt with the cognitive as well as constructivist strategies of learning and contributed heavily to the various aspects of education through his significant theories. The Piagetian theory of cognitive development and constructivist learning theory have both had a significant impact in the field of education. Jean Piaget is the central contrib utor of Cognitive constructivism which is mainly based on his work. The two major aspects of his theory are the process of coming to know and the stages one moves through as one gradually acquires the ability to know. In an analysis of Piag... to the physical and mental stimuli is of significant value for human beings to survive in any kind of environment and this process of adaptation incorporates both assimilation and accommodation. According to Piaget, every individual holds mental structures. It is through assimilation of external events, and conversion of these events to suit one's mental structures that one gains the ability to adapt to the physical and mental stimuli. Furthermore, it is important to realize that the mental structures themselves lodge to new, strange, and frequently changing aspects of the outer environment. The second principle of Piaget, termed as organization, is concerned with the nature of the adaptive mental structures which he explained through the first principle. According to Piaget, the organization of the mind is in multifarious and integrated ways. It is important to understand the theories of Piaget in relation to the mental development of the child. "Piaget's theory has two major parts: an "ages and stages" component that predicts what children can and cannot understand at different ages, and a theory of development that describes how children develop cognitive abilities." (Cognitive Constructivist Theories). Piaget's theory of cognitive development is the major foundation for cognitive constructivist approaches to teaching and learning. According to his theory of development, humans cannot be 'given' information which they immediately understand and use, but instead, they must 'construct' their own knowledge. They build their knowledge through experience which facilitates them to create schemas which can be understood as mental models. Through the complimentary processes of assimilation and accommodation, these schemas are changed, engorged, and made more sophisticated.